Giant myoepithelial carcinoma of the nuchal region: a case report and literature review / 临床耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

Myoepithelioma, also known as malignant myoepithelioma, is a rare malignant tumor originating from myoepithelial cell. This article reports a patient with a huge tumor in the neck and left elbow who underwent fine needle aspiration under local anesthesia. The pathological diagnosis was a myoepithelioma. Under general anesthesia, giant tumors in the lower neck, posterior cranial fossa, neck, and left elbow were removed, and postoperative pathology showed that they were all myoepithelial tumors. Immunohistochemistry showed AE1/AE3 (+), P63 (+), CK7 (+), CK5 (+), and CD138 (+). The clinical characteristics and diagnosis and treatment process of this case are reported and relevant literature is reviewed.

Poorly differentiated neuroendocrine carcinoma of the tongue base: a case report / 临床耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

Neuroendocrine carcinoma(NEC) is a malignant tumor derived from neuroendocrine cells, with distinct clinical, morphological and immunohistochemical characteristics. Neuroendocrine carcinoma of the head and neck is very rare in clinic. Larynx is the most common affected site, and the root of the tongue is extremely rare. The clinical manifestations are mainly eating pain, cauliflower like mass in the mouth, and ulcerative lesions that have not healed for a long time. Maxillofacial MRI and contrastenhanced CT are the most commonly used examination tools for such diseases, which can detect the spaceoccupying lesions of tumors. Neuroendocrine granules found in the cytoplasm under pathological light microscope can be diagnosed as neuroendocrine carcinoma. However, for most cases, it is difficult to make a diagnosis only under light microscope, and it is often necessary to make a diagnosis by means of immunohistochemistry and other technical means. This paper reports a case of neuroendocrine carcinoma of the root of the tongue, introduces its characteristics, diagnosis and treatment, and reviews the relevant literature of this case.

Research advances in indicators for early diagnosis of liver cirrhosis patients with renal impairment / 临床肝胆病杂志

The liver is closely associated with the kidney, and liver injury in various stages can cause various kidney diseases to varying degrees, which further lead to renal impairment. Such renal impairment in the early stage is often functional and can be reversed by drugs, otherwise it can progress to hepatorenal syndrome, cause acute renal failure, and even threaten human life. The indicators such as serum creatinine and urea nitrogen have a limited effect in the early diagnosis of renal impairment and cannot be used for early monitoring and diagnosis of liver cirrhosis patients with renal impairment. Therefore, early monitoring of liver cirrhosis patients with renal impairment has always been a hot topic in this field. This article summarizes the research advances in the indicators for early diagnosis of renal impairment.

A prospective randomized controlled study on topical autologous platelet-rich plasma gel for the treatment of diabetic non-healing dermal ulcers / 中国糖尿病杂志

Objective To compare the safety and effectiveness between treatments with autologous platelet gel (APG) versus standard care for treating refractory diabetic dermal ulcers.Methods The 46 patients with proved nonhealing diabetic dermal ulcers were enrolled. Eligible for the study were patients with grade II/III ulcers according to Wagner, lasting for at least 2 weeks and with no signs of infection at recruitment.Patients were given their informed consent document and randomly assigned to two groups: standard care (ST, n=23) or standard care plus topic application of APG (APG, n=23) for twelve weeks.The treatment of blood glucose, blood pressure and lipids was optimized and the empiric antibiotic treatment was further adjusted according to the results of culture and sensitivity testing in all patients. APG treatment consisted of wound dressing with APG, followed by topical washing and cleaning. The APG was then covered with vaseline gauze for 72 hours, after which the ulcers were treated by standard care. Participants were seen thrice a week, twice a week, or at weekly intervals. Twelve weeks observation was set as the end point.Results The would of APG group were improved in 22 patients with ulcers healed completely and 1 case with would area reduced. In the ST group, 13 ulcers were healed, 6 worsened and 4 with would area reduced. The cumulative rate of ulcer healing was 95.7% in the APG group versus 56.5% in the ST group (P=0.002). The total effective rate in APG vs ST group was 100.0% vs 73.9% (P=0.009). By Kaplan-Meier analysis,the time-to-healing of ulcer and time-to-lutation of sinus were significantly different between two groups (log-rank, P=0.006, 0.000, respectively). No treatment-related adverse events were observed. Conclusions Treatment with APG in addition to standard care results in a significantly faster and better healing for a refractory diabetic dermal ulcer and does not raise any safety concerns. So APG treatment can be a valuable and effective aid in the management of diabetic foot ulcers.

Preparation and identification of monoclonal antibody against human SUMO1 / 基础医学与临床

Objective To express the human recombinant SUMO1 protein and prepare monoclonal antibody(mAb) against it.Methods The recombinant expression plasmid pET32a-HIS-SUMO1 was made and transformed into E.coli(BL21),then the recombinant fusion protein HIS-SUMO1 was expressed and purified.The BALB/c mice were immuned with pure protein HIS-SUMO1 as antigen.Monoclonal antibody against SUMO1 was prepared with standard hybridoma technology.The hybridoma cell lines were obtained by ELISA and Western blot screening procedure,the isotype of the mAbs were further identified by immune-double diffusion.Ascites were collected from one propagated hybridoma cell line and mAbs were purified by using the Kit of Millipore.The valence of mAb was detected by Western Blot.Results The recombinant protein HIS-SUMO1 is expressed and purified.Three hybfidmas producing antibodies against SUMO1 were obtained,the isotypes of three mAbs are IgG1,Western blot showed that the antibodies were specific for SUMO1.The antibody purified from the ascites has better specificity.Conclusion The SUMO1 mAb prepared by using recombinant SUMO1 protein as antigen can be used for detectingthe protein sumoylation.

Proteomic approaches to post-translational modification by ubiquitin family proteins / 基础医学与临床

Post-translational modification by ubiquitin and ubiquitin-like modifiers(Ubls) is one of the most important mechanisms regulating a wide range of cellular processes in eukaryotes.Previous research showed that,through covalently modification by ubiquitin or ubls,the substrate proteins can be regulated in many different ways like stability,subcellular localization,enzymatic activity,protein-protein interaction and so on.Therefore,we believe,that ubiquitin and ubls play very important roles in cellular and biological processes by modifying plenty of proteins.To better understand the ubiquitin and ubls system,proteomic approaches have been developed to purify and identify more protein substrates.Large-scale idendification of ubiquitin/ubls-modification sites by mass spectrometry is particularly important for understanding the molecular mechanism and function of ubiquitin/ubls modification.Upto the present,more and more scientists are getting interested and participating in proteomics research of ubiquitin/Ubl modifications.This review summarizes the rencent results in this field.